3 · Prehistoric times

On the Iregua River, next to the N 111 road, is the Peñamiel Cave, one of the first excavated in Spain, thanks to the work of the French archaeologist Louis Lartet, in 1866. The remains of the first Camerano from 40.000 to 60.000 years ago have been found here. This archaeological site, together with the outdoor flint workshops of Ortigosa and Torrecilla, tells us about the antiquity of human settlement in these lands.
Remains of the Bronze and Iron Age have been found in other areas of Nieva and also later findings in the village of Montemediano, in the municipality of Castejoncillo, that reach Roman times.